Antibacterial effect of low-temperature plasma on Enterococcus faecalis in dentinal tubules in vitro / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To construct a model of Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) infection in dentinal tubules by gradient centrifugation and to evaluate the antibacterial effect of low-temperature plasma on E. faecalis in dentinal tubules.@*METHODS@#Standard dentin blocks of 4 mm×4 mm×2 mm size were prepared from single root canal isolated teeth without caries, placed in the E. faecalis bacterial solution, centrifuged in gradient and incubated for 24 h to establish the model of dentinal tubule infection with E. faecalis. The twenty dentin blocks of were divided into five groups, low-temperature plasma jet treatment for 0, 5 and 10 min, calcium hydroxide paste sealing for 7 d and 2% chlorhexidine gel sealing for 7 d. Scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscope were used to assess the infection in the dentinal tubules and the antibacterial effect of low-temperature plasma.@*RESULTS@#The results of scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that after 24 h of incubation by gradient centrifugation, E. faecalis could fully enter the dentinal tubules to a depth of more than 600μm indicating that this method was time-saving and efficient and could successfully construct a model of E. faecalis infection in dentinal tubules. Low-temperature plasma could enter the dentinal tubules and play a role, the structure of E. faecalis was still intact after 5 min of low-temperature plasma treatment, with no obvious damage, and after 10 min of low-temperature plasma treatment, the surface morphology of E. faecalis was crumpled and deformed, the cell wall was seriously collapsed, and the normal physiological morphology was damaged indicating that the majority of E. faecalis was killed in the dentinal tubules. The antibacterial effect of low-temperature plasma treatment for 10 min exceeded that of the calcium hydroxide paste sealing for 7 d and the 2% chlorhexidine gel sealing for 7 d. These two chemicals had difficulty entering deep into the dentinal tubules, and therefore only had a few of antibacterial effect on the bacterial biofilm on the root canal wall, and there was also no significant damage to the E. faecalis bacterial structure.@*CONCLUSION@#Gradient centrifugation could establish the model of E. faecalis dentin infection successfully. Low-temperature plasma treatment for 10 min could kill E. faecalis in dentinal tubules effectively, which is superior to the calcium hydroxide paste sealing for 7 d and the 2% chlorhexidine gel sealing for 7 d.

Analysis of clinical characteristics of 35 inflammasomopathies cases / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To summarize the clinical characteristics of inflammasomopathies, enhance the recognition of those diseases, and help to establish the early diagnosis. Methods: The clinical manifestations including fever, rash, systems involvement as well as laboratory results and genotypic characteristics of 35 children with inflammasomopathies diagnosed by the Department of Pediatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Results: A total of 35 cases of inflammasomopathies were diagnosed, and 20 of them were boys while 15 were girls. Inflammasomopathies patients have early onset, the age of onset as well as diagnostic age were 1 (0,7) and 7 (3,12), respectively. Among those patients, 10 had familial mediterranean fever, 3 had mevalonate kinase deficiency, 15 cases had NLRP3 gene associated autoinflammatory disease, 4 cases had NLRP12-associated autoinflammatory disease, 2 cases had familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome 3, and 1 case had familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome 4. A total of 34 cases (97%) showed recurrent fever, 27 cases (77%) had skin rashes, while 11 cases (31%), 10 cases (29%), and 8 cases (23%) were presented with lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly and growth retardation, respectively. In terms of systemic involvement, there were 18 cases (51%), 12 cases (34%), 8 cases (23%), and 5 cases (14%) with skeletal, neurological, auditory, and renal involvement, respectively. Central nervous system involvement was seen only in NLRP3 gene associtated autoinflammatory diseases (12 cases), sensorineural deafness was seen in NLRP3 gene associtated autoinflammatory diseases (6 cases) and NLRP12 gene associated autoinflammatory diseases (2 cases), and abdominal pain was observed in familial Mediterranean fever (5 cases), mevalonate kinase deficiency (1 case) and NLRP12 gene related autoinflammatory diseases (1 case). In the acute inflammatory phase, the acute phase reactants (erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP)) of 35 cases (100%) were significantly increased. There were 21 cases received ferritin examination, and only 4 cases (19%) showed an increase of it. In terms of autoantibodies, among all 35 patients, 4 cases (11%) were positive for antinuclear antibodies (ANA). Conclusions: Fever, skin rash, and skeletal manifestations are the most common clinical features, accompanied with increased CRP and ESR, and negative results of autoantibodies such as ANA. The clinical manifestations of those diseases are complex and diverse, and it is prone to delayed diagnosis and treatment.

Research progress on correlation between subclinical hypothyroidism and cognitive impairment / 中华老年医学杂志

Both subclinical hypothyroidism(SCH)and cognitive dysfunction are common comorbidities in the elderly.SCH is often accompanied by elevated levels of uric acid and blood lipids.It remains controversial whether SCH and cognitive dysfunction are related, and whether elevated blood uric acid and blood lipids become risk factors for cognitive impairment.This paper aims at analyzing these risk factors to explore the association of SCH with cognitive impairment, and to explore the role of high uric acid and high blood lipid levels on cognitive impairment.

Analysis of middle ear function of the patients with cleft palate after palatoplasty / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To investigate the middle ear function of the patients with cleft palate pre and post palatoplasty. Methods: 76 patients with cleft palate were investigated by clinical history and audiology examinations including electric otoscopy,tympanometry and click-ABR threshold. Results: The risk for middle ear function decreased with advancing age in the first 5 years. It was noticed that the otologic outcomes was related to the CP type. During long time follow-up, the frequency with the middle ear function disorder was always high within the CP patients but the proportion of the patients received tympanostomy tubes was low relatively. The prevalence of middle ear dysfunction did not differ with the time of cleft palate repair. Conclusion: The patients with cleft palate have middle ear function dysfunction in a long period of time,therefore a standard long-time follow-up system is necessary.

Iris-registration capsulotomy marking for the implantation of Toric intraocular lens / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To compare the accuracy of Toric intraocular lens(IOL)alignment and visual outcome using the femtosecond laser-assisted capsulotomy markings(FLACM)versus a conventional slitlamp-assisted manual marking(SAMM)procedure. <p>METHODS: Totally 50 patients required cataract surgery and Toric IOL implantation were assigned to the FLACM group(25 eyes)or the SAMM group(25 eyes). The uncorrected distant visual acuity(UCDVA), best corrected distant visual acuity(BCDVA), residual astigmatism(RA), IOL rotation, MTF Total were measured 1mo after surgery. <p>RESULTS: The UCDVA(LogMAR)was significantly lower in the FLACM group than in the SAMM group 1mo postoperatively(0.15±0.09 <i>vs</i> 0.22±0.11, <i>P</i><0.05). The RA and IOL rotation were significantly lower in the FLACM group than in the SAMM group(0.30±0.18D <i>vs</i> 0.64±0.28D, <i>P</i><0.05; 3.64°±1.68° <i>vs</i> 5.40°±3.44°, <i>P</i><0.05). There was no statistical difference between the two groups in the BCDVA and MTF total value(<i>P</i>>0.05). The UCDVA(LogMAR)was positive correlative to the RA(<i>r</i>=0.350, <i>P</i><0.05)and IOL rotation(<i>r</i>=0.369,<i> P</i><0.05), and was negative correlative to the MTF total value(<i>r</i>= -0.290, <i>P</i><0.05); the RA was positive correlative to the IOL rotation(<i>r</i>=0.431, <i>P</i><0.05). <p>CONCLUSION: The accuracy of the axis alignment was significantly higher in the FLACM group, which results in lower residual astigmatism and better visual outcome.

Lipids and membrane-associated proteins in autophagy

Autophagy is essential for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and its dysfunction has been linked to various diseases. Autophagy is a membrane driven process and tightly regulated by membrane-associated proteins. Here, we summarized membrane lipid composition, and membrane-associated proteins relevant to autophagy from a spatiotemporal perspective. In particular, we focused on three important membrane remodeling processes in autophagy, lipid transfer for phagophore elongation, membrane scission for phagophore closure, and autophagosome-lysosome membrane fusion. We discussed the significance of the discoveries in this field and possible avenues to follow for future studies. Finally, we summarized the membrane-associated biochemical techniques and assays used to study membrane properties, with a discussion of their applications in autophagy.

Prognostic Value of / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the prognostic value of metabolic parameters of @*METHODS@#The clinical data of 58 patients with DLBCL who were examined by @*RESULTS@#The SUV@*CONCLUSION@#MTV and TLG are independent risk factors for OS and PFS in patients with DLBCL, which may be valuable for prognosis of patients with DLBCL.

Five cases of breast reconstruction with pedicled greater omentum metastasis after mastectomy / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Immediate breast reconstruction with pedicle great omentum metasasis is safe,easy to perform, and has extensive clinical indications, less postoperative complications. The shape of reconstructed breast is plump and symmetrical, which is the optimal choice for reconstruction surgery with small and medium-sized breast at present. The surgical methods and effects of breast reconstruction with pedicle great omentum metastasis in 5 patients are reported in this article. Combined with the previous literature, the feasibility and safety of surgery is discussed, which provide a reference to clinicians.

Network Meta-analysis of 4 acupuncture therapies for shoulder hand syndrome after stroke / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#A network Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT) of 4 commonly used acupuncture therapies (electroacupuncture, fire needling, warming acupuncture and filiform needling) for shoulder hand syndrome (SHS) after stroke was performed.@*METHODS@#The RCTs regarding electroacupuncture, fire needling, warming acupuncture and filiform needling for SHS after stroke before March 10, 2020 were searched in databases of CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, EMbase and Cochrane Library. The included literature was screened and evaluated by Cochrane bias risk assessment tool, and the data analysis was performed by RevMan5.3, Gemtc0.14.3 and Stata14.2.@*RESULTS@#A total of 21 RCTs were included, involving 1508 patients, 814 cases in the observation group and 694 cases in the control group. In term of effective rate and visual analogue scale (VAS) score, warming acupuncture, electroacupuncture and fire needling needling were superior to western medication and rehabilitation (@*CONCLUSION@#The curative effect of 4 acupuncture therapies for SHS after stroke is better than the western medication and rehabilitation, and warming acupuncture has the best clinical efficacy.

Differential Diagnostic Value of F-FDG PET/CT Imaging in Multiple Myeloma and Bone Metastases / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the imaging characteristics of F-FDG positron emission computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) in multiple myeloma (MM) patients and to analyze its application value in MM and bone metastases.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was made on MM patients (n=72) and bone metastases patients (n=50) admitted to Hainan Western Central Hospital from January 2017 to March 2019. All patients underwent F-FDG PET/CT examination. The distribution of lesions, bone destruction, maximum standardized uptake (SUV) and metabolic homogeneity were analyzed in both groups.@*RESULTS@#More than 80% of MM and bone metastases involved thoracic bone, spine and pelvis, followed by limbs. MM was more common in the lesions of thoracic bone and skull than those in bone metastases, the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). The majority of MM patients presented osteolytic bone destruction (97.2%), mostly showing "insect-like phagocytic pattern", so the bone showed dilated changes, and osteogenic changes were rarely seen (2.8%). Osteolytic bone destruction accounted for 74.0% in patients with bone metastatic tumor, presenting "focal" appearance more often, and osteogenic changes accounted for 26.0%. Osteolytic bone destruction in patients with MM was significantly higher than that in patients with bone metastases（χ=14.757，P＜0.05）. The SUV of MM (4.25±2.16)was significantly lower than that of bone metastases (7.84±3.25) (t=6.830, P＜0.05). Diffuse mild uptake of F-FDG was more common in patients with MM, and heterogeneous high uptake of F-FDG was more common in patients with bone metastasis, the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#F-FDG PET/CT examination is helpful to acquire the imaging features of bone structure and metabolic changes, and shows an important clinical value in the differential diagnosis of MM and bone metastases.

Observation and analysis of clinical efficacy of breast-conserving therapy integrated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy on Breast Cancer

To investigate the efficaciousness of breast-conserving therapy in connection with neoadjuvant chemotherapy on breast cancer. 68 patients, who were confirmed going down with breast cancer and hospitalized from June 2015 and June 2017, were sampled and divided into two groups using the random digit table, i.e. the observation group [n=34] and the control group [n=34]. Patients in the observation group experienced breast-conserving therapy integrated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, but those in the control group received the radical resection of breast cancer. Patients' condition in surgery, incidence of post-surgery complications as well as patient survivals were compared and coded. In the observation group, surgical duration, intraoperative bleeding amount, length of stay in hospital and incidence rate of post-surgery complications were all lower than the patients with the similar conditions in the control group with evident distinctions in statistics [p<0.05]. In the observation group, survival ratios of one-to-five-year living patients were evidently higher than those in the control group. The distinctions owned evident significance in calculations [p<0.05]. In comparison of the recurrence ratio of disease and the rate of distant metastasis between the observation group [5.88% and 8.82%] and the control group [11.76% and 8.82%], differences had no statistical significance [p>0.05]. Before treatment, compared with the score of life quality in the two groups, no evident distinction in statistical exists [p>0.05], however, after that, the life quality in the observation group evidently outweighs the quality in the control group, which shows the distinctions in statistics [p<0.05]. Breast-conserving therapy in combination with neoadjuvant chemotherapy shows promising clinical value in ameliorating the life quality, decreasing the mortality rate and the incidence of adverse reaction, which is expected to be applied in clinical practices as a kind of safe and effective method

YWHAZ Binds to TRIM21 but Is Not Involved in TRIM21-stimulated Osteosarcoma Cell Proliferation / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Osteosarcoma is the most common type of malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents. The role of E3 ligases in tumorigenesis is currently a focus in tumor research. In the present study, we investigated the role of the E3 ligase tripartite motif 21 (TRIM21) in osteosarcoma cell proliferation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays were used to assess osteosarcoma cell viability. U2-OS cells stably carrying a recombinant lentivirus expressing tetracycline-regulated TRIM21 were screened. Co-immunoprecipitation was coupled with LCMS/MS analysis to identify novel interacting partners of TRIM21. Co-immunoprecipitation and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BIFC) were performed to validate the interactions between TRIM21 and its novel partner YWHAZ. A TRIM21-ΔRING construct was generated to test the effects of TRIM21 ligase activity on YWHAZ.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>TRIM21 positively regulated osteosarcoma cell proliferation. Overexpression of TRIM21 enhanced osteosarcoma cell tolerance toward various stresses. YWHAZ protein was identified as a novel interacting partner of TRIM21 and its expression levels were negatively regulated by TRIM21. The RING domain of TRIM21 was required for TRIM21 negative regulation of YWHAZ expression. However, overexpression of YWHAZ did not affect positive regulation of osteosarcoma cell proliferation by TRIM21.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our results further clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma.</p>

A new triterpenic acid from the roots of Rosa laevigata / 药学学报

This study was designed to investigate triterpenoids from the roots of Rosa laevigata Michx. The silica gel column chromatography was used to separate the chemical constituents from the roots of Rosa laevigata Michx. HPLC was used to analyze its purity and chemical constitution. Spectroscopy methods were used to determine their structures. Five constituents were isolated and identified as19α-OH-3β-E-feruloyl corosolic acid (1), 23-hydroxy-tormentic acid (2), 2α, 3β, 19α, 23-tetrahydroxy-12-en-28-oleanolic acid (3), 2α, 3α, 20β-trihydroxyurs-13 (18)-en-28-oic-acid (4), 2α, 3β, 20β-trihydroxyurs-13 (18)-en-28-oic-acid (5). Compound 1 was assigned as a new compound, compounds 4, 5 were obtained from the genus Rosa for the first time.

ERK1/2-mediated Cytoplasmic Accumulation of hnRNPK Antagonizes TRAIL-induced Apoptosis through Upregulation of XIAP in H1299 Cells / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) resistance greatly limits the clinical therapeutic efficacy of TRAIL. Elucidating the molecular mechanism underlying TRAIL resistance will be fundamental to resolving this problem.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Nuclear and cytoplasmic protein extraction and immuno？uorescence (IF) assay were used to detect changes in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK) localization in H1299 cells. The evaluation of cell apoptosis in cells transfected with GFP-hnRNPK, GFP-hnRNPK S284/353A, or GFP-hnRNPK S284/353D mutant was performed using cleaved caspase-3 antibody. The gene expression of XIAP was tested by quantitative RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Previously, we reported that hnRNPK antagonized TRAIL-induced apoptosis through inhibition of PKC-mediated GSK3β phosphorylation. In this study, we further demonstrate that TRAIL treatment induces cytoplasmic accumulation of hnRNPK in H1299 cells. The hnRNPK localized in the cytoplasm has a higher capacity to antagonize TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Both ERK1/2 signaling inhibitor U0126 and ERK-phosphoacceptor-site mutant (GFP-hnRNPK S284/353A) diminish cytoplasmic accumulation of hnRNPK induced by TRAIL. Moreover, we show that XIAP is involved in hnRNPK-mediated TRAIL resistance in H1299 cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Taken together, these results give new insights into the understanding of the molecular mechanism associated with TRAIL resistance in lung adenocarcinoma.</p>

Effects of ligustrazine on blood rheology, aldose reductase and renal function in diabetic nephropathy rats / 中成药

AIM To explore the effects of ligustrazine on blood rheology,aldose reductase (AR) and renal function in diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats.METHODS The DN rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotoein (55 mg/kg),rats were randomly divided into five groups,model group,irbesartan [50 mg/(kg · d)] group,high-,middle-and low-dose of ligustrazine [200,100,50 mg/(kg · d)] groups,together with normal control group.All the rats received daily garage for eight successive weeks.At the end of experiment,blood rheology,blood glucose,aldose reductase in erythrocyte and kidney tissue,24 h urinary protein,blood urea nitrogen,creatinine,creatinine clearance and renal function were observed.RESULTS Compared with the model group,blood rheology,blood glucose and renal function in various treatment groups were effectively improved,and aldose reductase activity was significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05).HE staining and PAS staining showed that the pathological changes in kidney were significantly alleviated.CONCLUSION Ligustrazine can protect kidney of DN rats by ameliorating blood rheology,decreasing blood glucose and inhibiting aldose reductase activity.

Triterpenoids from roots of Rosa laevigata / 中国中药杂志

To study the triterpenoids from the roots of Rosa laevigata. The silica gel column chromatography was used to separate the chemical constituents from the roots of Rosa laevigata Michx. HPLC was used to analyze its purity, chemical and spectroscopy methods were used to determine their structures. 12 constituents were isolated and identified as(2R, 19R)methyl 2-acetyloxy-19- hydroxyl-3-oxo-urs-12-en-28-carboxylate(1), pomonic acid (2), 18, 19-seco, 2α, 3α-dihydroxy-19-oxo-urs-11, 13(18)-dien-28-oic acid(3), swinhoeic acid (4), myrianthic acid(5), 2α, 3β, 19α-trihydroxy-24-oxo-urs-12-en-oic acid (6), tormentic acid(7), arjunic acid (8), 1β-hydroxyeuscaphic acid(9), quadranoside Ⅷ (10), alpinoside(11), rubuside B (12). Compounds 1-4, 6, 9, 11-12 were obtained from this plant for the first time. Compounds 2-4, 6, 11-12 were obtained from the genus Rosa for the first time.

L-4F Inhibits Oxidized Low-density Lipoprotein-induced Inflammatory Adipokine Secretion via Cyclic AMP/Protein Kinase A-CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein β Signaling Pathway in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Adipocytes behave like a rich source of pro-inflammatory cytokines including monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) participates in the local chronic inflammatory response, and high-density lipoprotein could counterbalance the proinflammatory function of oxLDL, but the underlying mechanism is not completely understood. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptide L-4F on the secretion and expression of MCP-1 in fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes induced by oxLDL and to elucidate the possible mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes were incubated in the medium containing various concentration of L-4F (0-50 μg/ml) with oxLDL (50 μg/ml) stimulated, with/without protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor H-89 (10 μmol/L) preincubated. The concentrations of MCP-1 in the supernatant, the mRNA expression of MCP-1, the levels of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα), and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) were evaluated. The monocyte chemotaxis assay was performed by micropore filter method using a modified Boyden chamber.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>OxLDL stimulation induced a significant increase of MCP-1 expression and secretion in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, which were inhibited by L-4F preincubation in a dose-dependent manner. PKA inhibitor H-89 markedly reduced the oxLDL-induced MCP-1 expression, but no further decrease was observed when H-89 was used in combination with L-4F (50 μg/ml) (P > 0.05). OxLDL stimulation showed no significant effect on C/EBPα protein level but increased C/EBPβ protein level in a time-dependent manner. H-89 and L-4F both attenuated C/EBPβ protein level in oxLDL-induced 3T3-L1 adipocytes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>OxLDL induces C/EBPβ protein synthesis in a time-dependent manner and enhances MCP-1 secretion and expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. L-4F dose-dependently counterbalances the pro-inflammatory effect of oxLDL, and cyclic AMP/PKA-C/EBPβ signaling pathway may participate in it.</p>

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 1,3 dioxolo 4,5-fisoindolone derivatives / 药学学报

A series of [1,3]dioxolo[4,5-f]isoindolone derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterases (AChE). Furthermore, their effects on memory impairment of mice induced by scopolamine were investigated with step-through test. The results suggested that most of the target compounds exhibited potential inhibition on AChE with IC50 values at micromolar range. Compounds I1 (IC50 value of 0.086 μmol · L(-1)) and I2 (IC50 value of 0.080 μmol · L(-1)) showed the strongest AChE inhibitory activity, which are equipotent to donepezil (IC50 value of 0.094 μmol · L(-1)). Moreover, compounds I1-I4 could improve the memory impairment induced by scopolamine in mice.

The Effects of transcranial ultrasound stimulation on motor functioning and anti-oxidative capacity in mice with Parkinson's disease / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) on the motor functioning and anti-oxidative capacity of mice with Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods Thirty-two inbred C57BL male mice were randomized into a normal control group,a model group,a sham TUS group and a TUS group (n =8 for each group) according to a random number table.A PD model was induced in the mice of the model,sham TUS and TUS groups by injecting 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) at 20 mg/kg intraperitoneally,while those in the normal control group were given saline.Low intensity (1 W) focused ultrasound (LIFU) at a frequency of 0.5 MHz was then applied to stimulate the nigra region,except for the mice in the sham TUS group,which were treated with the same procedure but with no ultrasound output.A pole climbing test was carried out before,2 weeks and 5 weeks after the injection of the MPTP.After 5 weeks the animals were sacrificed and the whole brain malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) content were measured.Results No significant differences in in pole climbing scores were observed among the four groups before the MPTP injections.However,the average value decreased significantly to (4.30 ± 1.19),(4.40 ± 0.23) and (4.80 ± 0.23) for the model,sham TUS and TUS groups respectively 2 weeks after the injection.It then rose to (5.12 ±0.83) and (5.51 ± 1.21)for the first two groups 3 weeks later,but was still lower that before the injection.After 5 weeks the TUS group's average score was significantly higher than 3 weeks earlier and than that of the model group and the sham TUS group.Compared with the control group,the other groups' average scores were all lower 2 weeks after MPTP injection,and those of the model and the sham TUS groups remained so 5 weeks after the injection.Five weeks after the injection,the average MDA content of the model group (10.2 ± 1.1 nmol/ml) and the sham TUS group (9.4 ±1.3 nmol/ml) were significantly higher than the normal control group (4.5 ± 0.8 nmol/ml),as well as the TUS group (6.8 ± 0.9 nmol/ml).However,GSH-Px enzyme activity in the model group (100 ± 35.4 U/mgprot) and the sham US group (444 ± 24.9 U/mgprot) was significantly lower than that in the normal control group (1262.5 ± 53 U/mgprot),together with the TUS group (1047.3 ± 77.8 U/mgprot).Conclusion TUS can improve motor function in PD,at least in mice.This may be due to its anti-oxidative capacity.

Clinical study on optimization scheme of autologous bone marrow stem cell transplantation for decompensated cirrhosis / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To compare the therapeutic effects of bone marrow stem treatment by different bone marrow mobilization,distinct separation methods or cell suspension density, and to explore the optimal treatment plan of autologous bone marrow stem cell transplantation for decompensated cirrhosis.Methods Twenty three patients with decompensated cirrhosis were studied.100 ~200 mL bone marrow from each patient was harvested in aseptic condition, after isolation and purification by density gradient centrifugation,the stem cells were obtained and transplanted into the liver via hepatic artery.The serum glutamic acid alanine aminotransferase (ALT), albumin (ALB), prothrombin time (PT) and total bilirubin (TBIL) were checked before and l, 2, 3 months after therapy respectively,changes in these indicators of each group were compared by different bone marrow mobilization, distinct separation methods, or cell suspension density.Results After transplantation, levels of albumin increased significantly 1, 2, 3 months after treatment compared with baseline(P<0.05).Patients in bone marrow mobilization group obtained higher stem cell density (P<0.05), which had no significant difference in improving liver function ( ALT, TBIL, ALB, PT) compared with non-bone marrow mobilization group.Patients using the kit significantly improved their albumin (3 months after treatment, P<0.05), which had no significant difference in improving liver function (ALT, TBIL, ALB, PT) compared with using ordinary lymphocyte isolation method group.There was no significant difference in improving liver function ( ALT, TBIL, ALB, PT) between lower magnitude stem cell density group(≤1 ×1010/L) and higher magnitude stem cell density group(1 ×1010/L).Conclusion The treatment for decompensated cirrhosis by transplantation of autologous bone nlarrow stem cells is safe and effective, which can significantly increase the level of albumin in patients with decompensated cirrhosis.Preoperative bone marrow mobilization can increase the rate of stem cells obtained, and the method using the kit improves the leves of protein respectively.They are helpful to improve the efficacy.